The sound vector transducer is composed of a traditional non-directional sound pressure sensor and a dipole-directed point vibration velocity sensor. It can simultaneously measure the sound pressure at a point in the sound field and several orthogonal components of the particle vibration velocity. T

Piezoelectric materials have an excellent ability to convert mechanical force into electrical charge and vice versa. Piezoelectric ceramics such as lead zirconate titanate, lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate, etc. have been widely used in sensors, actuators, transducers and energy harvesters. Howe

Piezoelectric shock absorption system The piezoelectric damping system can be divided into passive damping and active damping. Passive vibration reduction is to prepare a layer of resistive film on the surface of piezoelectric ceramics. The piezoelectric ceramic converts vibration or noise into elec

The cost of single-layer piezoelectric ceramics is very competitive, and its series resonance point is relatively high, which can exceed the megahertz level, and the vibration strength and output working capacity of the single-layer piezoelectric ceramics at the series resonance point are Quite larg

The piezoelectric ceramic sheet is a key component of the laser positioning system in the working process. When in use, it mainly uses the piezoelectric conversion characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramic. When in use, the length of the laser cavity is adjusted by adjusting the voltage to ensure

Piezoelectric ceramics are often used in the field of biomedicine for their wear resistance, long life and biocompatibility, but it is more than that. It is concluded that piezoelectric ceramics have great prospects in the medical device industry. In recent years, the medical device industry has con

The piezoelectric hydroacoustic transducer is an underwater detection device that can work as both a driver and a sensor. Accurate prediction of its acoustic characteristics in a noisy underwater environment is very important for the design of a robust and durable transducer. The finite element meth

Abstract: Aiming at the structural pressure problem of deep-water vector hydrophones, the maximum stress formula of the external pressure spherical shell is derived, and the influence of the materials and dimensions of the co-vibrating spherical vector hydrophone on its acoustic performance and pres

The shape of the hydrophone is a standard spherical shape. The spherical shell of the hydrophone is composed of upper and lower hemispheres. The outer radius of the two hemispheres is 36 mm, the wall thickness of the lower hemisphere is 3 mm, and the wall thickness of the upper hemisphere is 4 mm. A

With the development of ocean research, there is a wide range of demand for transducers that can work in deep water. Deep-water transducers are mostly mounted on various types of self-contained underwater platforms, theplatform can accommodate limited volume and weight as well as power supply capaci

introduction The ocean is not only an important treasure of fishery and mineral resources, but also an important position for countries to maintain national security and military struggles. Therefore, underwater acoustic technology has become an important means for the current exploration and develo

Acoustic waves are the only carrier that humans have that can transmit information and energy over long distances in the vast ocean. On the land, people use electromagnetic waves to develop radars. Similarly, people use acoustic waves as information carriers to develop underwater targets for detecti

1　The basic concept and history of underwater acoustic transducer network The underwater acoustic transducer network is the product of the popularization of global network technology. Now that the land is connected through wired optical or electrical means, and the network is connected through wirel

In order to receive low frequency sound waves with high sensitivity, a double sided three-lamination flexural hydrophone was studied, applying the finite element software COMSOL to the simulation and optimization design of the curved hydrophone. The influence of every part on the receiving sensitivi