Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging piezoelectric ceramics transducer

Views: 10 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2018-08-27 Origin: Site

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Compared with traditional two-dimensional ultrasound ultrasound piezoelectric ceramics, three-dimensional ultrasound imaging has an intuitive image display and can be accurate measurement such as volume and area, and the time is required to shorten the diagnosis of doctors.Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging is the focus of current applications and development. At present, there are mainly two methods for acquiring three-dimensional ultrasound images by using a one-dimensional phased array to acquire a two-dimensional image,three-dimensional reconstruction and a two-dimensional array probe to acquire three-dimensional data. A series of two-dimensional ultrasound images of spatial position are obtained by using a one-dimensional phased line array, and then the obtained image is reconstructed in three dimensions, wherein a two-dimensional image is obtained mainly by mechanical driving or magnetic field spatial positioning scanning. The mechanical drive scanning method is less used due to the complicated equipment and high technical requirements. The magnetic field spatial positioning scanning method is to fix the magnetic field sensor on the conventional ultrasonic transducer, and the transducer is measured during the sampling operation.

The change of the spatial position can be randomly scanned like a conventional probe, and the computer senses the motion track of the probe for sampling. The method is flexible and can perform a wide range of scanning. This system must be corrected before each use.The scanning process must be carried out evenly and slowly. At the same time, the one-dimensional linear array transducer is composed of a plurality of small array elements, which can realize electronic focusing transducer in the imaging plane, and can not realize electronic focusing in a spatial position with a certain thickness from the imaging plane, and often adopts a focal length non-adjustable lens to realize focus collection.Dimensional images and three-dimensional images is constructed from two-dimensional images generally have low resolution and are not easy to realize real-time dynamic display.The method of acquiring two-dimensional images for three-dimensional reconstruction is using one-dimensional phased line arrays since the 1990s.Piezoelectric sensor medical application has been widely used.it is three-dimensional imaging of obstetrics,gynecology, gallbladder, kidney and liver.

Ultrasonic waves with 2D area array probes is deflected in the three-dimensional space and focused to obtain the real-time three-dimensional spatial data according to three-dimensional.The spatial data establishes a three-dimensional image, and the two-dimensional array probe can collect three-dimensional information of the human body without moving, and has a fast data acquisition speed, and is convenient for real-time three-dimensional imaging. In 1997, Kretztchik of Austria developed the first commercial two-dimensional array transducer, which has been used in the clinical practice, but due to the limitations of the manufacturing process, such as the parallel processing technology of the sensor in the complex two-dimensional array probe, the rapid emission of the ultrasonic beam issues such as receiving technology have not been solved, and the number of two-dimensional transducers is used in the clinical applications is still small. It is still difficult to complete the scan tissue structure with large lesions.the instrument is expensive for capacitive micromachined transducer (cMUT)

Capacitive transducers are an important trend in the development of ultrasonic imaging transducers. They use the fabrication technology of large-scale integrated circuits. The PZT material is used as the substrate, and a support with voids in the middle is grown on the support. The film is covered with a film, so that an air gap is formed between the film and the silicon body, and a metal electrode is respectively applied to the film and the silicon body to form a capacitive ultrasonic transducer having a vibration film. . MuT has the advantages of high twist, wide bandwidth, easy manufacture, small size, wide operating temperature range and easy electronic integration. It is suitable for manufacturing large-scale 2D area array probes and high frequency probes with good bandwidth and penetration. The force can be compared to conventional piezoelectric ceramic transducers. In 2002, B.T.Khuri-Yakub of Stanford University in the United States made a lot of work in this respect,which developed one-dimensional, two-dimensional cMUT, and simulated sound field of cM staring. Currently cMuT is still in the laboratory research stage and has not been used in the clinical practice.

Medical ultrasound imaging technology has been widely used in the clinical practice. The development of transducers as the core components of ultrasonic imaging systems is constantly underway from the original piezo ceramic sensor with narrow frequency bands to the present part. It is used in clinical applications such as piezoelectric single crystal transducers with deep depth and high signal-to-noise ratio, three-dimensional imaging transducers, and wide-band transducers that are widely used in the clinical applications. With the latest research in the basic theory of ultrasonic medicine, piezoelectric composite materials, piezoelectric single crystal materials, cMUT and ultrasonic image processing technology, a low cost, wide frequency band, high frequency, multi-array, surface array and miniaturization.The performance of the porous ceramic disc puts the application in the clinic is making the ultrasound image clearer and more intuitive.