ultrasonic distance sensor transducer

Types of Ultrasonic distance measuring sensor

Ultrasound has the advantages of strong directivity,which slows energy consumption and long distance of propagation. Therefore, in the transducer for distance by using sensor technology and automatic control technology, ultrasonic ranging is the most popular one, and it is widely used. For theft, reversing radar, water level measurement, construction site and some industrial sites. This paper expounds the principle and characteristics of ultrasonic sensors, as well as the performance and characteristics of single-chip microcomputer. Based on the analysis of the principle of ultrasonic ranging transducer, the paper points out the ideas and problems to be considered in the designing the ranging system.The hardware circuit and software design method of low-cost, high-precision and miniaturized display ultrasonic range finder with single chip as the core are given. The system of ultrasonic distance sensor has reasonable circuit design, stable operation, good performance, fast detection speed, simple calculation, easy real-time control, and can meet industrial and practical requirements in measurement accuracy.

Laser ranging transducer sensor

The laser sensor utilizes the characteristics of strong directivity and good light transmission of the laser. When it is working, the laser sensor first emits a laser pulse against the obstacle, and after being reflected by the obstacle, it scatters in the various directions, and some of the scattered light returns to the receiving sensor. The distance measuring transducer sensor is measured by accepting its weak optical signal to record and process the time it takes for the light pulse to be emitted. multiplying half of the round trip time by the speed of light to obtain the distance. The advantages are that the measuring distance is long, the speed is fast, the measuring precision is high, the measuring range is large, the disadvantage is that there is a safety problem to the human body, and the difficulty and the cost of the production are relatively high.

Infrared ranging transducer sensor

The infrared ranging sensor utilizes the difference in the intensity of the reflection of the infrared signal when it encounters an obstacle. According to this feature, the distance of the obstacle is measured. The advantages are low cost, safe use and simple fabrication. The disadvantages are low measurement accuracy, poor directionality and close measurement distance.

Ultrasonic sensor

Ultrasound is a sound wave that exceeds the limits of human hearing, that is, a mechanical wave whose vibration frequency is higher than 20 kHz. When the ultrasonic sensor is working, the voltage and the ultrasonic wave are mutually converted. When the ultrasonic sensor transmits the ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic wave transmitting probe emits the ultrasonic wave converted by the voltage. When ultrasonic distance sensor transducer

Is receiving the ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic receiving probe sends the ultrasonic converted voltage back. Go to the microcontroller control chip. The ultrasonic wave has the advantages of high vibration frequency, short wavelength, small diffraction phenomenon and good directivity, and can also be directed to the reflection line, and the energy consumption of the ultrasonic sensor is slow to facilitate the distance measurement. In the medium and long distance measurement, the accuracy and directivity of the ultrasonic sensor are much better than the infrared sensor, but the price is also slightly more expensive. From the aspects of safety, cost and directionality, ultrasonic sensors are more suitable for design requirements. According to the comparison of the performance of the above three sensors, although it is obvious that the laser sensor is an ideal choice, its price is relatively high, and the safety is not high enough. Moreover, the ultrasonic sensor should have strong anti-interference ability and short response time when the vehicle is in the process of traveling, so the ultrasonic sensor is selected as the sensor probe of this design scheme.