Piezoelectric material is a special dielectric material with piezoelectric effect and inverse piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric effect is the characteristic of some piezo crystals discovered by the French P. Curie and J. Curie brothers in 1880. When a piezoelectric force exerts a mechanical fo

1 domain motionIn the Pb (Zr0. 52Ti0. 48)O3 PZT material piezoelectric ceramics composition, the addition of oxides such as La2O3, Nb2O5, ThO2 and WO3 reduces the Qm value . To explain the Qm reduction, it proposed the following mechanism. When is replacing Pb2 + , Ti4 + , Zr4 + in PZT ceramics with

They are each applied to different components. It has a high coupling coefficient and dielectric constant ,small dielectric loss. These characteristics of PZT material piezoelectric ceramics determine the material is suitable for ultrasonic hydrophone emission transducer and high voltage generating

The sintering conditions of piezoelectric ceramics are mainly composed of four aspects: 1 heating rate; 2 highest sintering temperature; 3 holding time; 4 cooling rate and cooling mode. The general principle for the development of reasonable sintering conditions is to burn high-quality porcelain ( t

Piezoelectric constant d33 of piezoelectric ceramics is a linear response coefficient that reflects the mutual coupling between the mechanical quantity (stress or strain) and the electrical quantity (electrical displacement or electric field). When a compressive stress T3 is applied along the polari