High frequency current and working process of piezoelectric ceramics

The principle of the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics is that when a pressure is applied to a piezoelectric material, it will generate a potential difference (called the positive piezoelectric effect). Otherwise, a voltage will generate mechanical stress (called the inverse piezoelectric effect). If the pressure is a high-frequency vibration piezo ceramics poling, a high-frequency current is generated. When high-frequency electrical signals are applied to piezoelectric ceramics, high-frequency acoustic signals (mechanical vibrations) are generated. This is what we usually call ultrasonic signals. That is to say, piezoelectric ceramics have the function of conversion and inverse conversion between mechanical energy and electrical energy. This mutual relationship is indeed very interesting.

Piezoelectric ceramic piezoelectric materials can generate electric fields due to mechanical deformation, as well as mechanical deformation due to the effect of electric fields. This inherent mechanical-electrical coupling effect makes piezoelectric materials widely used in engineering. For example, piezoelectric materials have been used to make intelligent structures. In addition to self-bearing capacity, such structures also have self-diagnostic, adaptive, and self-repairing functions, which will play an important role in future aircraft design.

In the working process of piezoelectric ceramics, its pressure sensor is mainly made by using the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials. Since the charge of the piezoelectric material of piezoelectric cylinder transducer is constant, special attention should be paid when is connecting to avoid leakage. The advantages of the piezoelectric pressure sensor are that it has a self-generating signal, a large output signal, a high frequency response, a small volume, and a sturdy structure. The disadvantage is that it can only be used for kinetic energy measurement. Special cables are required, and self-healing is slower when subjected to sudden vibration or excessive pressure.