What kind of force does ultrasonic vibration exert on the object？

The vibration of the object can generate fluctuations.The mechanical wave with a frequency between 16 Hz and 20 kHz can cause human hearing. The mechanical wave in this band is called sound wave. Ultrasonic frequencies below 20 kHz are called infrasound waves, and flat frequencies above 20 kHz are called ultrasonic waves. The common ultrasonic distance measuring transducer is between tens of kHz and tens of mHz ultrasonic waves, like well-known waves, can travel in liquids, solids, gases, and decay during propagation. Ultrasonic waves have the general properties of sound waves. When they propagate in different media, they will shoot and reflect at the interface. When two columns of ultrasonic waves meet, interference will occur.Ultrasonic waves are mechanical oscillations in elastic media. Compared with sound waves, the frequency of ultrasonic waves is much higher, so the wavelength of ultrasonic waves is shorter, the linear propagation ability is stronger than sound waves, and the directivity is good and the beam is concentrated. Features. Ultrasonic waves can generally be divided into transverse oscillation waves and longitudinal oscillation waves. Wherein the longitudinal ultrasonic more common in practical applications. When the ultrasonic wave propagates in solid and liquid, the decay rate is small, the distance of propagation is far, and the higher frequency ultrasonic wave can be used. When the ultrasonic wave propagates in the air, the frequency decays faster, so the lower frequency ultrasonic wave is generally used. Different types and different frequencies of ultrasonic sensors and generators, together with circuits that realize different functions, can develop different types of ultrasonic application equipment, and are widely used in medical, communication, industrial, national defense and other aspects.

When ultrasonic waves propagate in a medium, various effects occur with the propagation medium, which is causing corresponding mechanical, physical, electromagnetic, and chemical changes in the medium to produce mechanical, electromagnetic, thermal, and chemical related effects:

(1) Mechanical effect: The mechanical vibration of Ultrasonic distance sensor generated by the ultrasonic wave will cause the solid medium to be dispersed, the liquid medium to be emulsified, and the gel medium to be liquefied. The fluid medium generates a standing wave phenomenon under the action of ultrasonic waves, causing the tiny suspended particles in the fluid to accumulate on the nodes under the action of mechanical force, which appears as a periodic particle aggregation in space. Magnetostrictive materials produce mechanical compression under the mechanical vibration of ultrasonic waves,which is causing magnetization. Piezoelectric materials generate mechanical compression under the mechanical vibration of ultrasonic waves, which is causing induced charges.

(2) Cavitation effect: When the ultrasonic wave propagates in the liquid, the tiny particles in the liquid generate intense motion under the action of ultrasonic waves, thereby generating many tiny bubbles. These small bubbles instantaneously expand and rupture with the action of ultrasonic waves, causing these tiny particles to generate very high-speed collisions and generate extremely high pressures. Violent collision and friction between such particles, two immiscible liquids such that emulsification is generated, so that the temperature of the liquid while also dramatically increased, thereby accelerating the dissolution of the solute, the chemical reaction increases the velocity of the liquid. The effect of this liquid under the action of ultrasound is called the cavitation effect.

(3) Thermal effect: When ultrasonic sensor circuit propagates in the medium, it will cause particle vibration and particle friction. Part of the ultrasonic energy is absorbed by the particles into heat energy, and the medium temperature will rise accordingly. While the high-frequency ultrasonic energy to carry very large effect upon impact, the energy absorbing medium to be significant thermal effects.

(4) Chemical effect: The cavitation of the ultrasonic wave also causes the temperature of the liquid to rise sharply, thereby accelerating the dissolution of the solute and accelerating the chemical reaction speed of the liquid. Ultrasonic may also be a large number of chemical polymerization, decomposition and hydrolysis and significant catalytic acceleration. The ultrasonic effect can also have a significant impact on certain electrochemical and photochemical processes.