Application of Ultrasonic Sensor in Robot Automatic Navigation

Robot autonomous positioning and navigation of ultrasonic level sensor is simple, but it needs to be based on the combination of map data + algorithm to achieve true automatic automatic navigation; robot navigation can be divided into three parts, including positioning, mapping and motion control. What autonomous navigation needs to solve is the autonomous interaction between intelligent mobile robots and the environment, especially the point-to-point autonomous movement, which requires more technical support.

As we all know, ants and bees are excellent navigators in the animal kingdom. Sahara ants can forage and survive in harsh conditions above 60°C. In this extreme environment, they cannot use pheromone to track their long distance back to the nest like other ants. Instead, they use a biological calculation called path integration. They use the sky brightness compass (their way of viewing sky brightness and color is very different from  humans and metrological stimuli to estimate the current position. Path integration can be used not only to safely return to the nest, but also to help learn so-called vector memory. These memories have been shown to be sufficient for ants and bees to produce goal-oriented navigation. Because these capabilities of ultrasonic distance transducer can allow ants and bees to navigate hundreds of miles, this control system has great potential in the application of artificial agent equipment.

 

With the development of technological automation, humans rely on machine learning and vector-based navigation systems inspired by insects. Agent devices can reach key locations without relying on GPS to achieve true automation. The robot can use the information obtained by cameras and other sensors to learn how to navigate independently based on environmental sensory cues.

 

Effective obstacle avoidance

 

Based on the deep learning of image-based detection of human body parts, we can see that the child is moving in front of the robot, which may obstruct the robot. The robot needs to recognize whether it is a human or a bicycle. Therefore, the detection and recognition of human body parts requires not only lidar , The fusion of multi-sensor data is also needed to achieve effective obstacle avoidance and autonomous navigation. The two types of ultrasonic sensors used for automatic robot navigation. The ultrasonic obstacle avoidance sensor is a high-resolution (1mm), high-precision and low-power ultrasonic sensor. It is designed not only to deal with interference noise, but also to resist noise interference. And for targets of different sizes and varying supply voltages, sensitivity compensation has been made. It also has standard internal temperature compensation, which makes the measured distance data more accurate. Used in indoor environment, it is a very good low-cost solution!

 

Non contact ultrasonic sensor is a high-resolution (1mm), high-precision, low-power ultrasonic sensor. It is designed not only to deal with interference noise, but also to resist noise interference. And for targets of different sizes and varying supply voltages, sensitivity compensation has been made. It also has standard internal temperature compensation and optional external temperature compensation, which makes the measured distance data more accurate. Direct output of accurate distance readings saves MCU resources and is more suitable for use in robotics.

 

Ultrasonic positioning navigation

The working principle of ultrasonic positioning and navigation is that the ultrasonic sensor emits ultrasonic waves from the transmitter probe, and the ultrasonic waves encounter obstacles in the medium and return to the receiving device. By receiving the ultrasonic reflection signal emitted by itself, and calculating the propagation distance according to the time difference between ultrasonic emission and echo reception and the propagation speed, the distance from the obstacle to the robot can be obtained, that is, the formula: S=Tv/2 where T —The time difference between ultrasonic transmission and reception; v—wave speed of ultrasonic propagation in the medium.

advantage:

low cost

It can recognize objects that cannot be recognized by infrared sensors, such as glass, mirrors, black bodies and other obstacles;

 

Disadvantages:

It is easily affected by the weather, the surrounding environment (specular reflection or limited beam angle), as well as the shadow of obstacles, rough surfaces and other external environments; because the propagation distance of ultrasonic waves in the air is relatively short, the application range is small and the distance measurement is relatively small and short acquisition speed and poor navigation accuracy.