Low temperature sintering of lead piezoelectric ceramics

               Low temperature sintering of lead piezoelectric ceramics

The binary system of lead zirconate titanate Pb (ZrxTi1-x) piezoelectric ceramics is prior for piezoelectric properties and temperature stability and Curie temperature piezo sphere transducer is greatly superior to other ceramics, what’s more, PZT piezoelectric disc crystal can also be changed by component or transform .the external conditions are to make its electrical properties within a wide range of regulation, such as ternary, quaternary, etc., in order to meet different needs. So which become the main object of scholars at home and abroad. PZT based ceramic piezoelectric sintering temperature is generally higher, about 1200 ~ 1300 ℃. However, the volatilization temperature of lead oxide (PbO) piezoelectric vibration sensor is about 800°C. In this way, in the sintering process is likely to lead to lead oxide evaporation, it can not guarantee the sintering process in the lead atmosphere, which is bound to affect the piezoelectric ceramic transducers . In response, it has been proposed to add excess Pb3O to the initial batch and place the sample in a closed crucible in order to ensure that the firing is in the lead atmosphere. Although the method to ensure the performance of ceramics, but hifu ultrasound piezo ignored the lead oxide is a volatile and toxic substances.It is considered that raising the heating rate can reduce the volatilization of lead oxide. Firstly,The disadvantages of this method are the volatilization of lead oxide that can not be completely eliminated; secondly, the influence of the sintering temperature on the grain size is not considered. Because the higher temperature is the larger grain size, in the same insulation conditions, the excessive grain size will lead to decreased piezoelectricity. If you can reduce the sintering temperature and the heating time to improve the process of piezoelectric ceramic crystal , so as to reduce the volatilization of lead oxide, but also effectively control the excessive growth of grain size while is saving energy.