In the process of piezoelectric ceramics, if pressure is applied to the piezoelectric crystal piezoelectric transducer, this will directly generate a potential difference, otherwise, when a voltage is applied, mechanical stress will be generated (called the inverse piezoelectric effect). If the pressure is a high-frequency vibration sensor, a high-frequency current is generated. When high-frequency electrical signals are applied to piezoelectric ceramics, high-frequency acoustic signals sensor(mechanical vibrations) are generated. This is what we usually call ultrasonic signals. That is to say, piezoelectric ceramics have the function of conversion and inverse conversion between mechanical energy and electrical energy. This mutual relationship is indeed very interesting.
The piezoelectric ceramic transducer is composed of a piezoelectric ceramic sheet and two kinds of light and heavy metals. After being polarized at a certain temperature, the piezoelectric ceramic transducer has a piezoelectric effect. Piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer has entered people's research field very early. It is easy to make, strong to control, high sensitivity, and good electromechanical coupling. The transducers developed based on piezoelectric ceramic layer including high power ultrasonic transducers and ultrasonic transducers.
Ultrasound technology is a widely used non-destructive testing technology. It is based on acoustic theory and is continuously applied in the fields of electronics, communications, medicine, biology and physics. In the modern detection technology, the ultrasonic distance measuring transducer developed by ultrasonic technology is receiving more and more attention due to its advantages such as high sensitivity and high accuracy.Piezoelectric ceramics is commonly used in the detection process include piezoelectric transducers, magnetostrictive transducers, electromagnetic acoustic transducers and laser transducers. A piezoelectric transducer is commonly used, and its core component is a piezoelectric chip. Piezoelectric wafers can deform under the effect of pressure, resulting in polarization of the wafer itself, and positive and negative bound charges appear on the wafer surface. This effect is a piezoelectric effect. In addition, the piezoelectric effect is reversible, that is, deformation occurs when a voltage is applied to the wafer. In the detection process, the inverse piezoelectric effect of the ultrasonic transducer can be used to generate ultrasonic waves, and the piezoelectric effect can be used to achieve the purpose of receiving ultrasonic waves. Piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer has entered people's research field very early. It is easy to make, strong to control, high sensitivity, and good electromechanical coupling. The transducers developed based on piezoelectric ceramics include high power ultrasonic transducers and piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers.