Description of several characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics and applications

Publish Time: 2018-09-14 Origin: Site

1.Hysteresis characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics: The difference between the step-up and step-down displacement curves of the same piezoelectric ceramic, and the difference in displacement is called hysteresis.

2.Nonlinearity characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics: The input voltage of piezoelectric ceramics is not proportional to the output displacement. The laminated piezoelectric ceramics have the same incremental voltage, and the displacement of the output in the different driving segments of piezoelectric ceramics is also different. Installing a signal for voltage adjustment can reduce the hysteresis and nonlinearity of the piezoelectric ceramic.

3. Creep characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics: After a certain driving voltage of a piezoelectric ceramic, the displacement of the piezoelectric ceramic reaches a certain displacement, and the stable value can be achieved after a period of time.

The basic effect of piezoelectric ceramic pzt chip is that when some media deforms under the action of force, a heterogeneous charge appears on the surface of the medium. Experiments show that the amount of this bound charge is proportional to the force, and the more is the amount of electricity, the larger the potential difference (voltage) between the two surfaces. This magical effect has been applied to many areas which is closely related to people's production, life, military, and technology to achieve power-electrical conversion and other functions. By using piezoelectric ceramics to convert external forces into electrical energy, piezoelectric lighters, gas stove ignition switches, and projectile trigger fuzes without flint can be produced. In addition, piezoelectric ceramics can also be used as sensitive materials for electroacoustic devices such as loudspeakers and phono heads; for piezoelectric seismographs, it can monitor subtle vibrations that humans cannot perceive, and accurately measure the source orientation and intensity. To predict earthquakes and reduce losses, ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer actuators are made with piezoelectric effects have precise control functions and are important devices in the fields of precision mechanics, microelectronics and bioengineering. It can be said that devices such as piezoelectric ceramics are not only widely used in the field of science and technology, but also use piezoelectric ceramic devices to ignite. Take out the piezoelectric ignition component,

Power generation and transformation If a pressure is applied to a slice cut from a crystal in a certain direction, an electric charge will be generated on the sheet. If the sheet is stretched in the opposite direction, a charge will also appear on the sheet, but the sign is reversed. The greater is the force of extrusion or stretching, the more charge there will be on the crystal. If the electrodes of piezo rings crystal are plated on both ends of the sheet and are supplied with alternating current, the sheet will be periodically elongated or shortened,which begins to vibrate. This inverse piezoelectric effect has been widely used in science and technology. Piezoelectric quartz flakes can be made from crystal, which is only a few square millimeters in area and only a few tenths of a millimeter in thickness. Don't underestimate this small chip, it plays a huge role in radio technology. As mentioned earlier, in an alternating electric field, the vibration frequency of such a sheet is not changed at all. This kind of stable vibration is necessary for controlling the frequency in radio technology. In many electrical appliances such as color TVs in your home, there are filters made of piezoelectric wafers to ensure the clarity of images and sounds. There is a core component in the quartz electronic watch that you wear on your hand called a quartz vibrator. It is this key component that guarantees a higher travel time accuracy of quartz watches than other mechanical watches.Instruments are equipped with piezoelectric crystal components which enable technicians to study the changes in the pressure engines, internal combustion engines and various chemical equipment. The piezoelectric ring transducer can even measure the pressure of the fluid in the pipeline, the pressure that the cannon barrel can withstand when launching the projectile, and the instantaneous pressure when the bomb explodes.

Piezoelectric electrode piezoelectric crystals are also widely used for sound reproduction, recording, and transmission. A piezoelectric wafer is mounted on a microphone converts the vibration of the sound into a change in the current. As soon as the sound wave hits the piezoelectric sheet, an electric charge is generated on the electrodes at both ends of the sheet, and the size and sign thereof change with the sound. The change in charge on the piezoelectric wafer can be turned into a distant place by radio waves through electronic devices. These radio waves are received by the radio and are reverberated in the air by the vibration of the piezoelectric crystal sheets placed on the radio speakers. Is it possible to say that the piezoelectric wafer in the microphone can "sound" the sound, and the piezoelectric crystal on the speaker will "speak" or "sing". Piezoelectric ceramics are functional piezo ceramic materials that convert mechanical energy and electrical energy. Fine-grained piezoelectric ceramics PbTiO3 piezoelectric materials, piezoelectric ceramic-polymer composites, piezoelectric-specific multi-crystalline single-crystal piezoelectrics, and piezoelectric materials can be used for transformers. Piezoelectric materials are required to have a high mechanical coupling coefficient (mechanical energy conversion rate) and a large relative dielectric constant when used as a transducer. Piezoelectric transducers are transducers made using the positive and negative piezoelectric effects of piezoelectric materials. For transducers, as the name suggests, refer to devices that can perform energy conversion. Usually we are talking about electroacoustic transducers. Transducers that emit sound waves are called transmitters; transducers that receive sound waves are called receivers.

Description of several characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics and applications

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