Classification of piezoelectric materials of piezoceramics

One is inorganic piezoelectric materials, which are divided into piezoelectric crystals and piezoelectric ceramics. Piezoelectric crystals generally refer to piezoelectric single crystals; piezoelectric ceramics generally refer to piezoelectric polycrystals.

Piezoelectric ceramics refer to the polycrystals formed by the random collection of fine grains obtained by the solid-state reaction between powder particles and the sintering process by mixing, molding, and sintering at high temperature with the raw materials of the necessary components. piezoelectric ceramics transducersare called piezoelectric ceramics, which are actually ferroelectric ceramics. There are ferroelectric domains in the crystal grains of this pzt ceramic, and the ferroelectric domains are composed of 180 domains whose spontaneous polarization directions are antiparallel and 90 domains whose spontaneous polarization directions are perpendicular to each other. Under the condition of direct current electric field, the spontaneous polarization is fully arranged according to the direction of the external electric field and the residual polarization intensity is maintained after the external electric field is removed, so it has macroscopic piezoelectricity. Such as: barium titanate BT, lead zirconate titanate PZT, modified lead zirconate titanate, lead metaacute, lead barium lithium niobate PBLN, modified lead titanate PT, etc. The successful development of this type of material has promoted the improvement and improvement of the performance of various piezoelectric  devices such as acoustic transducers and piezoelectric ceramics sensors.

 

Piezoelectric ceramics crystals generally refer to piezoelectric single crystals, which refer to crystals is grown according to the long-range order of the crystal space lattice. This crystal pzt structure has no center of symmetry and therefore piezoelectric. Such as crystal (quartz crystal), lithium gallate, lithium germanate, titanium germanate, and iron transistor lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, et.